EXPERT OVERVIEW

Poland is building more than military capability. It is building the infrastructure that enables it.

The country is transforming from being simply a place where allied capability is stationed.

Poland’s defense spending will reach roughly PLN 200 billion in 2026, equal to 4.81% of the GDP forecast used in the 2026 budget bill, being one of the largest investments in military readiness anywhere in Europe. While the headline number is easy to quote, what it does not capture is how much of that money lands somewhere far less visible than a tank or an aircraft. It goes into warehouses, runways, rail sidings, production halls, training areas, and into the people who design, build, staff and operate all of it.

Poland is no longer simply a place where allied capability is stationed. It is where that capability gets assembled, sustained, repaired and pushed forward. This shift matters well beyond Poland’s borders.

Infrastructure: The Eastern Flank's Backbone

Strategic investments continue across Poland, transforming military infrastructure to support NATO’s Eastern Flank and long-term allied operations.

  • Powidz Air Base – one of NATO’s most strategic logistics hubs in Central Europe, home to the Army Prepositioned Stocks (APS) programme. Investments include climate-controlled warehouses, maintenance facilities and logistics infrastructure enabling rapid deployment of U.S. and allied forces without transporting equipment from overseas. 
  • Łask Air Base – undergoing continued modernization to support advanced NATO air operations, including deployments of F-16 and F-35 aircraft, enhanced maintenance capabilities and upgraded operational infrastructure for allied air missions. 
  • Wrocław APOD (Aerial Port of Debarkation) – expansion of the airport’s military infrastructure to receive strategic airlift aircraft and support the reception, staging and onward movement of troops and equipment. The project will significantly strengthen military mobility across south-west Poland and the NATO Eastern Flank. 
  • Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport – now one of Europe’s most important strategic logistics gateways, serving as a key hub for NATO operations, humanitarian assistance and support to Ukraine. Continuous investments are increasing cargo handling capacity, operational resilience and military support infrastructure. 
  • Lubliniec – continued investment in infrastructure supporting Poland’s Special Forces Command (Jednostka Wojskowa Komandosów), enhancing training facilities, accommodation and operational capabilities for one of NATO’s most experienced special operations units. 
  • Nowa Dęba Training Area – modernization and expansion of one of Poland’s largest military training complexes, including new ranges, accommodation, logistics and support facilities for large-scale multinational exercises involving NATO forces.

Military Mobility

Military mobility has become a strategic priority across Europe. Investments in roads, bridges, rail infrastructure, airports, logistics hubs, fuel storage and warehousing are improving the ability to rapidly move personnel, equipment and supplies across NATO’s Eastern Flank.

The principle is easy to state and hard to deliver. Equipment that cannot move is not a capability. Neither are people who cannot reach the site on time, ready to work.

Defense Manufacturing

Poland is rapidly expanding its domestic defense industrial base to strengthen national security, support NATO allies and reduce dependence on global supply chains. The focus extends beyond procurement to building long-term sovereign production capacity, increasingly the kind of capacity that allies elsewhere are counting on. This increase is driven by needs of supplying Ukraine (directly or through government agreements) with ammunition while also replenishing national stockpiles.

  • MESKO S.A. – expanding production of 155 mm artillery ammunition, Piorun MANPADS, anti-tank missiles and other precision munitions, while investing in new production lines and manufacturing facilities to meet growing domestic and allied demand. 
  • DEZAMET S.A. – significantly increasing production of 155 mm NATO-standard artillery ammunition, one of the most critical capabilities identified following the war in Ukraine. The company is expanding manufacturing capacity to support both the Polish Armed Forces and international customers. 
  • Nitro-Chem S.A. – one of Europe’s leading producers of explosives, investing in additional production capacity for TNT and explosive filling of large-caliber ammunition, strengthening the resilience of NATO’s ammunition supply chain. 
  • Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa (PGZ) – coordinating multi-billion-zloty investments across its companies to expand ammunition production, modernize manufacturing facilities and increase the production of armored vehicles, air defense systems, artillery and other strategic capabilities. 
  • Technology transfer and industrial partnerships – alongside domestic investment, Poland is establishing new production capabilities through partnerships with international defense companies, supporting local manufacturing of advanced systems such as K2 tanks, K9 self-propelled howitzers, Borsuk infantry fighting vehicles and future missile systems.

East Shield (Tarcza Wschód) and EU SAFE

Major national and European initiatives are accelerating investment in border security, critical infrastructure, military mobility, defense manufacturing and resilience across the region. This initiative’s main goal is to focus on protecting Poland’s borders with Russia (Kaliningrad) and Belarus. A few examples of what that looks like in practice:

  • PGZ × BAE Systems  – strategic industrial cooperation to pursue future defense programmes in Poland and Europe. 
  • Hanwha Aerospace × Huta Stalowa Wola – technology transfer and local production related to the K9/Krab artillery programme, including manufacturing in Poland. 
  • SAFE-funded contracts already signed in 2026 for cybersecurity, soldier equipment, drones and unmanned systems, with many awards going to Polish defense companies. 
  • East Shield projects, including the SAN anti-drone system, Jarzębina-S guided munitions, and engineering infrastructure, are being financed in part through SAFE. 

The Part That Rarely Makes The Announcement

Follow any of these programmes far enough downstream and you stop finding hardware.

A brigade’s worth of vehicles heading east has to stop somewhere to be received, parked and handed over. The workshop that keeps those vehicles running needs qualified technicians, and the technicians need somewhere to live within a sensible drive of the gate. Spare parts need shelves. Shelves need buildings. Buildings need people to run them. Local clinics absorb a population they were never sized for. Then come the ordinary things: meals, shift transport, rotations home, contracts, paperwork, a school place for somebody’s child.

None of that appears in a ministerial announcement. All of it decides whether the part that does appear actually works.

Read the lists above again with that in mind and a pattern emerges. Korean industrial partners in Stalowa Wola. British engineers in PGZ programmes. American FSR teams at Powidz. Construction and engineering firms mobilizing to Nowa Dęba, Lubliniec, Wrocław and Rzeszów. Every one of those lines means people arriving somewhere new, often at short notice, often for years rather than months, frequently with families, and usually into towns whose housing market was never built for a sudden intake of specialists.

For many companies, these projects are viewed primarily as construction or defense contracts. In reality, every new military programme also creates demand for workforce accommodation, relocation, destination services, logistics, supplier networks and operational support. A visa that stalls or a family that never settles is not an administrative footnote. It is schedule risk, and eventually it is capability risk.

As international contractors, engineering firms and government organizations expand their presence in Poland and across the Eastern Flank, ensuring that project teams can mobilize quickly and operate effectively becomes an essential part of mission success.

Hardware gets the headlines. People deliver the programme.

GET IN TOUCH

Explore our Capability Statement  for a detailed overview of our services and operational capabilities. To discuss how we can support your teams and operations in Poland and across NATO’s Eastern Flank, reach out to us directly:

Anastasiia Vasylenko

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Military and Defense Business Developer

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